“一不小心X”构式与反预期主观情态

本文在分析"小心X！"的基础上，比较其与"一不小心X！"构式的差异，探讨后一构式从专化到异化，再到泛化的演化进程，探索预期与反预期主观情态的作用，并指出反预期不仅仅存在于语用层面，而且也存在于句法语义层面。 Based on the analysis of the construction "xiaoxin X!" (小心 X!) and the comparison between "xiaoxin X!"and "yi bu xiaoxin X!" (一不小心 X!), the paper illustrates how the latter construction evolved from specification to alienation and then, generalization. It discusses the effect of expectation and counter-expectation in subjective modality. Furthermore, it proposes that counter-expectation exists in the aspect of pragmatics, and syntactic semantics as well.