为六书辩护 : 兼论“四体二用”之说不可信

汉人所谓「六书」，是指六种造字方式，而不是「六甲」干支表。象形丶指事丶会意之间的界限是可以区分清楚的，近代以来的「三书说」并不比「六书说」优越。从古文字材料中可以知道「转注」的本义，戴震「四体二用」之说不可信。汉人所谓的「假借」，是一种造字方式；从造字的角度而言，区分「假借」与「引申」并无多大意义。 <eng> It has long been believed that Liu Shu六書 is a mixed conception, consisted by four methods of creating Chinese Characters (traditionally called 象形, 指事, 會意, 形聲 in Chinese) and two methods of using Chinese characters (traditionally called 轉注, 假借). Based on the ancient characters on the oracle bones and other new founded literatures, we found the real meaning of the long controversial conception of Zhuanzhu轉注 is also a method of creating characters instead of a method of using characters, as proposed by Dai Zhen戴震, and widely believed by scholars thereafter. This leads us to the conclusion that the original meaning of Liu Shu in the Han Dynasty is just the six methods of creating characters. This article also defends for Liu Shu from some important discredits questioned by some scholars after the Qing dynasty.