从口译能力到译员能力:专业口译教学理念的拓展

本文运用文献研究法和理论推演法,分析了口译能力和译员能力的构成,构建了译员能力的发展模式。本文提出,译员能力的发展包括三个阶段:一是口译教学前的"双语能力"提升和"言外知识"储备阶段,二是口译教学中的"口译技巧"学习和掌握阶段,三是口译教学后的"职业技能"习得阶段,并以此为理据,设计了专业口译教学三个环节的教学目标、教学内容和课程方案,旨在厘清口译能力的关键概念,为国内翻译本科专业和翻译硕士专业学位的口译教学阶段划分和大纲设计提供理据。

Using the approaches of literature analysis and theoretical deduction, this study analyzes the composition of interpreting competence and interpreter competence and proposes the concept of professional interpreting training oriented to interpreter competence． The development of interpreter competence consists of three phases: first, improvement of bilingual competence and accumulation of extra-linguistic knowledge before interpreting training; second, learning and mastering of interpreting skills during interpreting training and third, acquisition of professional competence after interpreting training． Accordingly, three stages of professional interpreting training are outlined with a design of their objectives, contents and curricula． This article aims to define the crucial concepts of interpreting competence and provide conceptual foundation for the stage outlining and syllabus designing of interpreting training for the programs of both Bachelor and Master of Translation and Interpreting in China