六朝五言诗句法、结构、诗境新论 : “圆美流转” 境界的追求

六朝五言诗发展方方面面无不体现出对“圆美流转”的追求。沿着“圆美流转”这条主线，追溯六朝五言诗艺术形式的发展过程，有关六朝五言诗声音格律的演变，时贤已多有高论，省略不谈，而将注意力转向句法和结构两方面。句法研究着重勾勒对偶联的滥觞、诞生、发展过程，分析各种简单和复杂对偶联的特征，以及联中用典和倒装所产生的特殊审美效果。结构研究则力图揭示六朝诗人如何在汉代古诗的基础上创造出三重、四重、迭加、线性等诗篇结构。结语将探究这些句法和结构的创新如何帮助营造一种独特的、“圆美流转”的诗境。由于六朝诗坛作品卷帙浩繁，无法全面铺开讨论，集中细读了曹植、陶渊明、谢灵运、谢朓四位诗人的作品，借以揭示六朝五言诗句法、结构、诗境三方面演变的过程。

The development of five-character poems in six Dynasties completely reflects the pursuit of“good poetry as beau-tiful as the projectile”theory. The paper traces back the development of artistic form of five-character poems in six Dynasties withfocus on their syntax and structure on the basis of“good poetry as beautiful as the projectile”theory. The studies on syntax out-line the origin and development of antithesis, and analyze their characteristics and specific aesthetic effects of illusions and inver-sions as well. The studies on structure expose how the poets in six Dynasties create the triple, quadruple, superposition and linearstructure based on the classical poems. Finally, the paper analyzes how the innovation of the syntax and structure to create a spe-cial poetic mood of“good poetry as beautiful as the projectile”. The paper selects Cao Zhi, Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun and XieTiao’s poems as a case study to demonstrate the development of syntax, structure, and poetical mood of five-character poems insix Dynasties.