关于汉文帝和昌邑王之史家叙事互文性探究

历史关乎事和义，而叙事手法则与文学存在不解之缘。而在今本《史记》中，《孝文本纪》乃为后人所补撰，它与《汉书·昌邑王传》虽属独立文本，然而却存在互文性关系。由于汉文帝被树立为前汉明君典范，而昌邑王却被霍光始立终弃，是一个失败者。而刘向之父刘德参与废黜昌邑王等事件，因此，《汉书·文帝纪》之叙事，就参照《昌邑王传》而撰成，一成一败，相映成趣，甚至在一些行事细节上，均凸显前者睿智、后者昏聩，而此《汉书·文帝纪》再被移入《史记·孝文本纪》，其作者正是与闻其事之刘向。

History concerns events and meanings, while the method of narration has an indissoluble bound with literature. However, in the present edition of Historical Records, the "Biographic Sketches of Emperor Xiaowen" is a later text. Although it is an independent text, just like the "Biography of King Changyi" in History of Han Dynasty, there is an inter-textual relationship. Owing to that Emperor Hanwen was set up as a model emperor in the Early Han Dynasty, but King Changyi was a loser, supported and later abolished by Huo Guang. Because Liu De, father of Liu Xiang, took part in abolishing King Changyi, so the narration in "Biographic Sketches of Emperor Wen" in History of Han Dynasty was written according to "Biography of King Changyi". One success and one failure contrast finely with each other. Even in the description of details, what protruded was the wise and farsighted former and the decrepit and muddleheaded latter. This "Biographic Sketches of Emperor Wen" in History of Han Dynasty was removed in the "Biographic Sketches of Emperor Xiaowen" in Historical Records, and the author was no other than Liu Xiang who joined that matter.