制度差异与制度创新 : 多元制度互动下的大湾区改革

在一国两制的背景下,香港、澳门与内地之间的制度差异如何影响粤港澳大湾区的发展?学界对此仍关注不足。论文基于制度主义理论,构建了"制度差异-张力-制度创新"的理论框架,以深圳前海自贸区的工程建设管理制度改革为案例,分析了制度差异推动改革创新的机制。研究发现,不同的制度逻辑形塑行动主体的认知与行为,因此多元制度在互动中能够产生张力,进而激发行为主体的能动性,促使其反思、设计新的制度、采取改革行动,最终促成制度创新。中国内地与港澳的制度在"一国两制"方针下得以多元共存,制度差异在粤港澳密切互动中产生的张力是大湾区改革的创新源泉,使大湾区在国家改革与发展大局中发挥重要作用。

How can the Greater Bay Area contribute to deepening comprehensive reforms? What impact do the institutional differences between Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao have in the reform mechanism? These critical issues are remain unanswered. Based on an "institutional differentiation - tension - institutional innovation" framework proposed on the basis of institutionalism theory, this study examines the institutional reform of construction project management in Qianhai to identify how institutional differences between the mainland and Hong Kong systems propelled changes to the system and practices in Qianhai and beyond. As a free trade zone in Shenzhen and a pilot area for Shenzhen - Hong Kong collaboration, the Qianhai District is an experimental zone for institutional innovations. This article first summarizes the dominant logics reflected in construction project management institutions in the mainland and Hong Kong systems and then analyses the actors' behaviors and interactions during the reform process. It was found that the different practices of the relevant institutions generated tensions and conflicts, which lead to institutional reforms. This article suggests that the constitutional principle of "One Country, Two Systems" sustains divergent institutional logics between the mainland and Hong Kong systems. The tensions among sets of institutional logics drive institutional reforms by stimulating the actors’ agency in reflecting on existing institutions, envisioning alternative institutions, and mobilizing resources to implement reforms. The contradictions and competition between the two systems have instilled tension which can be a source of innovations to drive institutional reforms and social change in the Greater Bay Area.