受束缚的标准化 : 基于网络货运平台的个案研究

算法管理研究认为劳动过程会通过数字技术呈现出极强的程序化和标准化特征，由此制造了千千万万被“困在系统里”的不稳定劳工。然而，对网络货运平台的个案研究发现，货运劳动的特性在一定程度上影响了算法对劳动分解、量化、监视和评估的范围、程度与有效性，这导致难以标准化的劳动过程与寻求标准化的算法管理之间始终存有较大的张力，从而形塑出网络货运司机束缚与能动并存的平台工作体验。通过对这一类平台劳动秩序的实证分析，本研究挑战了当下过度理性化的算法管理研究预设，加深了对于算法技术和工作平台化问题的理解。

Algorithmic management research has argued that labor processes can be highly programmed and standardized through digital technologies, making myriads of unstable labor stuck in the system. Drawing on one Chinese haulage platform as a case study, this paper finds that the complexity of labor affects the scope, degree, and effectiveness of algorithms in decomposing, quantifying, monitoring and evaluating labor to a certain extent. This results in a constant tension between the difficulty of standardizing the labor process and the algorithmic management, which restricts the platform truck drivers while providing them with space for agency. By empirically analyzing this under-researched category of platform labor order, this paper challenges the preconceptions of the current overly rationalized algorithmic management research and deepens the understanding of algorithmic technologies and work platformization.