口译规范的描写研究:口译研究新的突破口

译员的口译行为及表现主要由三个变量决定:口译能力、现场认知处理条件、口译规范。长期以来,口译研究的重点集中于口译认知处理过程的研究,研究方法多采用"脱离语境的"模拟实验方法,而对社会文化语境中的真实口译行为和活动及其涉及的诸多因素和诸因素之间的互动关系,至今未有深入的研究。文章梳理了关于社会文化语境中真实口译活动的研究脉络,对口译规范研究的早期探索进行了回顾,在此基础上,指出口译规范研究对于口译研究的方法论有突破意义,进而提出了口译规范描写研究的理论框架。

The interpreter’s interpreting behavior and performance is shaped by three major forces: interpreting competence, cognitive conditions on the site and norms in interpreting . For the past 60 odd years in its history, interpreting studies has focus on the exploration of cognitive processing in interpreting, featuring the research methods of “de-contexutualized” simulated experiments . Meanwhile, there is the lack of studies into authentic interpreting behaviors and activities in real socio-cultural environment . This article examines the thin vein of studies into authentic interpreting behaviors and activities in real socio-cultural environment . It proposes the descriptive study of norms in interpreting as a way to make new breakthroughs in interpreting studies . A theoretical framework is also designed for the descriptive studies of norms .