口译过程的两阶段解读：以一般语言理解和产出为参照

本文结合口译研究人文学派和自然科学派的研究，提出口译过程的两阶段解读。该解读主要包括两个假设。一个是源语理解假设：源语理解以脱离语言外壳为主要途径，与一般语言理解的区别在于，源语理解伴随有译语的并行加工；并行加工通过递增加工而得以与脱离语言外壳加工融合。另一假设是译语产出假设：译语产出以意义驱动为主，与一般语言产出的区别在于，译语产出还可能被构式驱动。结论是：相对于口译过程的“三段论”假说，“两段论”的解读更为合理，因为“语言转换”贯穿在源语理解和译语产出过程中，“脱离语言外壳”是源语理解的主要途径，都不应视为独立的阶段。

This paper offers a two-stage account of the interpreting process on the basis of two hypotheses. The first one sees SL comprehension as being accompanied by a parallel processing of TL that merges with SL deverbalization through the function of incremental processing. The second hypothesis posits that unlike general language production, which is meaning-driven, TL production is driven by both construction and meaning. Treating neither “language switching” nor deverbalization as an independent stage of interpretation, this two-stage account explains more neatly the interpreting process than the traditional three-stage theory.