失業問題 : Labour and unemployment

Recently, Hong Kong has suffered from the problem of labour surplus and high unemployment. Since Hong Kong enters the transitional period, issues related to human resources become increasingly complex. In the past, labour shortage is due in part to economic restructuring and also the inadequacy of central manpower planning. Government so far has failed to come up with a long-term plan in manpower development. In the long run, this failure is going to result in the lowering of the quality of manpower, and will give rise to problems of labour surplus in certain industries.In addition, Government has implemented the importation labour policy since 1989, It has created certain impacts to our labour market, and now the Government has to face the difficult (ask of providing both retraining and employment opportunity to the segment of surplus labour in our society. If the critical problem of surplus labour and high unemployment cannot be solved properly, Government will be strongly criticized by the public for implementing the importation labour policy. In response to this, the Governor in his 1995 Policy Address suggested replacing the General Labour Importation Scheme with a new Supplementary Labour Scheme, whereby the quota ceiling of imported workers will he reduced from 25,000 to 5,000. To maintain the competitiveness of Hong Kong's economy, labour importation is a necessary evil. However, the new scheme is not helpful to the present unemployment situation.

近年來，香港的人力資源情況出現劇變，由過去多年來面對勞工短缺與人才外流問题，轉為勞工過剩與人才回流的局面而，亦導致今時今日失業率飆升的苦況。無可否認，香港政府與一些工商機構雖然已逐漸關注本港人力資源的重要性，但大多只是側重於短期的運用，仍然欠缺基本的人力資源發掘與長遠發展。長遠而論，這只會導致本港的人力資源質素下降，妨礙社會的正常發展。本文主要針對後過渡期本港現時的高失業率與新輸入外勞政策作一分析與探討。