我国康养旅游政策注意力配置与演进逻辑研究

伴随中共中央、国务院印发的《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》出台, 康养旅游已然成为中国的重要产业之一。研究以2010年至2024年88份康养旅游政策文本为研究对象, 通过LDA 主题建模、社会网络分析、内容分析等方法, 从“政策主体—政策主题—政策工具”3个维度探索政府对康养旅游政策注意力的配置差异与演进逻辑。结果表明:在政策主体上, 中央政府在康养旅游政策制定中发挥核心主导作用, 跨部门合作在政策提升期呈上升趋势, 在政策稳定期有所减少; 政策主题呈现“产业规划与概念明确—标准制定与扶贫开发—产业转型与集约发展”的演变特征; 政策工具使用不均衡, 过于依赖以建立行业标准为代表的强制型政策工具,缺乏对混合型与自愿型政策工具的使用意愿以及决策上的自主性。未来政策需优化工具结构, 考虑不同地域的独特性, 以推动康养旅游产业的高质量与可持续发展。

With the launch of “Healthy China 2030” initiative by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, wellness tourism has become one of the key industries in China's transition toward an aging society. This study examines 88 policy texts on wellness tourism issued from 2011 to 2024. Employing Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA) subject modeling, social network analysis, content analysis, this study explores the allocation difference and evolutionary logic of the government attention to wellness tourism policy from three dimensions of “policy subject-policy theme-policy instrument”. The findings show that China's wellness tourism policy has experienced three stages: policy exploration period, policy promotion period and policy stability period. In terms of policy subjects, China's central government plays a core leading role in the formulation of wellness tourism policies. Inter-departmental cooperation shows an increasing trend in the policy promotion period but declined in the stabilization period. The policy themes evolved from “industrial planning and conceptual clarification” to “standard setting, poverty alleviation and development” to “industrial transformation and intensive development”; The use of policy instruments is unbalanced, with an excessive reliance on mandatory policy instruments represented by industry standards, and limited use of mixed and voluntary policy instruments and decision-making autonomy. This study puts forward the following suggestions for the future development of wellness tourism: optimize the structural ratio of wellness tourism policy instruments and improve the diversity of policy instruments; guide local governments to formulate differentiated policies suitable for the development of local wellness tourism industry; advocate the local government to increase the financial incentive to the wellness tourism industry in order to promote the sustainable development of the wellness tourism industry.