战略性新兴产业集群的就业效应研究

就业是最大的民生，稳就业对于促进经济繁荣、维系社会稳定至关重要。 而建设战略性新兴产业集群能否实现稳就业其作用路径尚未明晰。基于此，本文利用 2014-2023 年中国沪深 A 股上市公司数据，构建双重差分模型实证检验了战略性新兴产业集群建设对企业就业规模的影响。 研究发现，战略性新兴产业集群建设能显著提升企业的就业规模。 作用机制分析发现，缓解企业融资约束、增强企业劳动力吸引力、突破企业关键核心技术是战略性新兴产业集群提升企业就业规模的关键作用机制。 异质性分析发现，新一代信息技术、新材料与生物医药产业集群能显著增加企业的就业规模，同时，战略性新兴产业集群显著提升了技术密集型企业的就业规模，并提升了企业生产、技术与管理人员的就业规模。 为此建议：中央构建统筹协调的顶层政策体系，地方制定可落实的区域推进方案，企业探索主动作为的实践路径，以保障战略性新兴产业集群提升企业就业规模的成效。

Employment is the top priority of people's livelihood. Stable employment is crucial to promoting economic prosperity and maintaining social stability. However, it is not clear whether the construction of strategic emerging industrial clusters can achieve stable employment. Based on this, this paper uses data of China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A -share listed companies from 2014 to 2023 and constructs a difference-in-differences (DID) model to empirically examine the impact of strategic emerging industrial cluster construction on enterprises' employment scale. The study finds that the construction of strategic emerging industry clusters can significantly improve the employment scale of enterprises. The mechanism analysis reveals that the key mechanism for strategic emerging industry clusters to enhance the employment scale of enterprises is to ease the financing constraints of enterprises, enhance the attractiveness of enterprises' labor force, and break through the key core technologies of enterprises. The heterogeneity analysis shows that industrial clusters in next -generation information technology, new materials, and biomedicine can significantly increase enterprises' employment scale. Meanwhile, strategic emerging industrial clusters significantly boost the employment scale of technology -intensive enterprises, as well as the employment of production, technical, and managerial personnel. Therefore, it is suggested that the central government should build a coordinated top -level policy system, local governments should formulate implementable regional promotion plans, and enterprises should explore proactive practical paths, so as to ensure the effectiveness of strategic emerging industrial clusters in expanding enterprises' employment scale.