淺談IB PYP小學中文二語課程的概念導向教學及其應用 : 兼論古詩詞的教學可行性

IB國際文憑項目以國際視野和跨文化情懷為核心培養目標。不同於世界其他主流國際課程，IB國際文憑項目以主題為綱，概念驅動貫徹IB PYP小學項目、IB MYP中學項目和IB DP大學預科項目所有學科的教學。IB PYP小學項目作為IB國際文憑項目的一部分，以六大超學科主題、七大概念為探究線索實施全科教學。然而，IB PYP小學項目中文二語課程由於教學對象的複雜性和中文作為一種語言本身的難點導致符合概念導向教學理念的教材零散不成體系。因此，本文建議引入符合「概念」為探索線索的中文二語古詩詞內容，豐富IB PYP小學階段的中文二語教材。原因如下：(i) 古詩詞是聲韻調的有機結合體，注重韻律，有利於二語兒童有系統地集中學習中文的韻母和聲調，(ii) 古詩詞與IB PYP小學項目乃至整個IB體系所貫徹的概念驅動教學高度契合；(iii) 古詩詞是中華文化和品格情誼的載體，可配合IB國際文憑培養國際情懷和跨文化意識；(iv) 古詩詞短小精悍，易於誦讀和記憶。「不會做詩也會吟」可增強兒童的成就感，提升對中文課程的興趣。

The International Baccalaureate (IB) Programme aims at 'international mindedness', structured to cultivate trans-cultural future talents. Different from the other major international curriculum, IB is a theme-based, concept-driven programme, conceptualized in all the inter-disciplinary subjects in its Primary Years Programme (PYP), Middle Years Programme (MYP) and Diploma Programme (DP). IB PYP programme, in particular, comprises six trans-disciplinary themes infused with seven key concepts. However, the diversity and complexity of the language background of PYP students and the unique characteristics of Chinese language make the development of concept-driven teaching material especially difficult. In an effort to solve the problem, it is suggested that Classical Chinese poetry should be introduced into the classroom of teaching Chinese as a second language in IB PYP programme, on the following grounds: (i) Classical Chinese poetry is an organism of tones, rhymes and melodies, which will benefit younger TCSL learners with a concentrated systems of the vowels, consonants and tones in Chinese; (ii) Classical Chinese poetry is highly compatible with the concept-driven philosophy of the IB curriculum; (iii) Classical Chinese poetry embodies Chinese culture and philosophy, which will help promote the international mindedness and multi-cultural traditions of the IB curriculum; and (iv) Classical Chinese poetry is concise and memorable. By reciting Classical Chinese poetry, children will gain a sense of achievement, which in turn will elevate their interests in learning Chinese as a second language.