添加剂改性固态胺吸附剂用于碳捕集的研究进展

固态胺是固体吸附CO2捕集技术路线中的研究热点，是烟气碳捕集和直接空气碳捕集技术中最有应用前景的吸附剂材料，近年来受到广泛关注。目前，固态胺吸附剂的吸脱附性能以及热化学稳定性仍有较大提升空间。本文综述了近年来表面活性剂、胺类和无机物类，以及环氧化物、螯合剂和含硫化合物等添加剂对固态胺吸附剂吸附能力增强和热化学稳定性提升的研究成果。在此基础上，进一步介绍了不同种类添加剂对固态胺吸附剂的改性机理，总结了在不同碳捕集工况下添加剂对固态胺吸附剂的改性特点。尽管现有研究已经取得了一些进展，但添加剂改性固态胺吸附剂仍然面临挑战，尤其是目前尚未能充分实现增强固态胺吸附剂的吸附能力和热化学稳定性的双重目标。此外，鉴于不同碳捕集工况下气体成分显著不同，未来研究需要更加明晰不同碳捕集工况下添加剂对固态胺吸附剂吸脱附热力学、动力学以及热化学稳定性的影响，并根据具体碳捕集工况有针对性地设计添加剂改性方案。

Supported amine adsorbents are a prominent subject of research within the realm of solid adsorption techniques for CO₂ capture, representing an area of considerable interest and applicability in the field of flue gas carbon capture and direct air capture technologies, and have received extensive attention. Nevertheless, there exists substantial room for improvement regarding the adsorption-desorption performance and thermochemical stability of supported amine adsorbents. This review focused on the study of the performance improvement of supported amine adsorbents through introducing additives. It provided a review of recent research on enhancing the adsorption performance of supported amine adsorbents through the utilization of additives, encompassing surfactants, amine-based additives and inorganic additives. Additionally, it delved into the achievements of research efforts aimed at enhancing the thermochemical stability of supported amine adsorbents through the application of epoxides, chelators and sulfur-containing additives. Furthermore, this review elucidated the underlying mechanisms governing the performance improvement of supported amine adsorbents via various categories of additives and summarized the performance improvement characteristics of distinct types of additives for supported amine adsorbents under different carbon capture conditions. Despite some progress in research, the performance improvement of supported amine adsorbents through additives still faced challenges. Presently, research had not fully achieved the dual objectives of enhancing the adsorption performance and thermochemical stability of supported amine adsorbents. Moreover, given the significant variation in gas composition under different carbon capture conditions, future research needed to clarify the impact of additives on the thermodynamics, kinetics and thermochemical stability of supported amine adsorbents under different carbon capture scenarios, and design additive modification strategies accordingly.