语料库口译研究: 口译产品研究方法的突破

长期以来，口译研究的重点集中于口译过程的认知研究，研究方法多采用“脱离语境的”模拟实验的手段，缺乏研究的“生态效度”，而且研究数据规模偏小，因此口译研究难以得出具有普遍性意义的研究结论。近几年来，随着相关软件技术的成熟和大规模现场口译语料的诞生，口译语料库陆续建立，语料库口译研究亦开始兴起。本文讨论了语料库口译研究对于口译研究的突破性意义，语料库口译研究不仅可以为口译理论的建构提供基于系统描写研究的基础，而且能够为口译研究开辟新的方法路径。文章梳理了以语料库为基础的口译研究课题，包括口译产品的特征研究、译员表现和口译评估研究、口译策略研究、口译教学应用等。作为研究案例，本文介绍了“中国总理‘两会’记者会汉英交替传译语料库”（CEIPPC）的创建和加工过程。

For a long time in its history, interpreting researchers have focused on the cognitive process in interpreting, which is typical of “decontextualized” experimental methods and small-scale of research data. Therefore, their research results can hardly claim ecological validity and universal significance. The situation may change with the emergence of interpreting corpus in recent years. This article first discusses the significance of Corpus-based Interpreting Studies (CIS)to the construction of theories and the development of methodology in the budding sub-discipline of interpreting studies. It then summarizes the research topics of CIS and illustrates with a case study — the building and processing of “the Corpus of Chinese-English Interpreting for Premier Press Conferences”(CEIPPC).