走出死胡同 , 建立翻译学 : One of the dead end and into translation studies

自古以来，人们提出过形形色色的翻译标准，例如已有几千年历史的直译和意译、泰特勒的三原则和严复的信达雅；到了现代、更涌现了一些比较严格甚至“科学化”的标准：西方有Nida的动态对等、Newmark的语义型翻译和通达型翻译，国内则有人运用语言学和数学模式来衡量等值度，从而对译作进行定量分析。这些探索，目的都是要制定放之四海而皆准的翻译标准，从而指导实践，提高质量，用心可谓良苦。

In this paper the author argues that linguists and literary scholars who subsume the study of translation under their respective disciplines have led it into a dead end by their search for ‘the translation standard’, and that the way out is, as being done in the West, to establish translation studies as an independent academic discipline, which should take on the mission of developing a theory to explain all translation phenomena and describe (not prescribe) all the strategies that have been or can be used, taking into account not only the original, but all the socio-cultural factors that have a bearing on the translation situation.