重新阅读萧红 : 从《饿》的多义性谈起

发表在《文学》上的《饿》是萧红作品中极具代表性的一篇。对它的研究可以从文学文本与社会文本两个层面进行。在文学文本层面：首先，同样描写饥饿妇女的《祝福》成为一个重要的“前文本”；其次，萧军同期发表在《文学》上的三篇小说也可以作为重要的关联文本进行对比阅读。在社会文本层面：一方面，在《饿》中“我”与访客“曹老师”的对话是对五四时期开始流行并到20世纪30年代已经十分复杂的“娜拉”话语的一个回响；另一方面，与《文学》杂志和茅盾的关联，也将《饿》还原到30年代的历史现场，使其内容与左翼作家群、左翼刊物和文坛话语等重要论题相勾连。这些相关文学文本和社会历史因素既成为理解《饿》的多义性和萧红创作复杂性的重要查考文本，同时也因为萧红创作的介入而有了更多元的理解途径。

Hunger published on Literature is a representative masterpiece of Xiao Hong. The study on her can be conducted from literary text and social text. In the aspect of literary text, firstly, Blessing is an important “pretext” as it also depicts hungry women; secondly, Xiao Jun’s three novels published on Literature can by read as correlated text. In the aspect of social text, on the one hand, the dialogue between “I” and the visitor “teacher Cao” in “hunger” is a response to the “Nora” discourse that began to be popular during the May 4th Movement and became very complex by the 1930s; on the other hand, the association with literature magazine and Mao Dun also restores Hunger to the historical scene of the 1930s, linking its content with important topics such as left-wing writers, left-wing journals and literary discourse. These relevant literary texts and social and historical factors not only become important research texts for understanding the polysemy of Hunger and the complexity of Xiao Hong’s creation, but also have more diverse ways of understanding because of Xiao Hong’s involvement in his creation.