현금지원과 현물지원 정책의구성과 효과

Translated title of the contribution: The composition and effects of cash and in-kind programs

John HUDSON, Stefan KÜHNER

Research output: Scholarly Books | Reports | Literary WorksConsulting or Contract Research ReportResearchpeer-review

Abstract

사회 구성원의 생활상의 어려움은 다차원적인 것으로 국가는 일부 욕구에 대해서는 현금(소득)지원으로, 일부는 현물(서비스)지원으로 사회안전망을 꾸리게 된다. 국가마다 현금지원과 현물지원의 혼합은 상이하지만 현물과 현금지원을 병행한다. 본 연구의 출발이 되는 문제인식은 우리나라의 사회복지정책이 빠르게 발전하여 왔으나 사회 구성원의 불안은 그리 낮지 않다는 데 있으며, 현물지원의 저급성이 이에 적지 않은 영향을 주었을 것으로 추정하였다.
본 연구는 현물과 현금이라는 급여 형태를 중심으로 사회보장제도의 구성을 살펴보고 각 급여 형태의 효과를 다양한 방식으로 분석 또는 추정하였다. 구체적으로는 현금지원과 현물지원 정책이 갖는 의미와 강점을 세부 분석에 앞서 선제적으로 검토한 후, 급여 형태를 초점으로 정책 구성과 변화에 대한 국가 간 비교 분석, 현물급여의 발전을 초점으로 주요 선진국 사회보장제도의 역사적 전개 및 특징 비교, 현금지원과 현물지원의 선택에서 고려되는 가치 및 정책 지향, 그리고 이러한 선택에 따른 성과 비교 분석, 마지막으로 현금지원과 현물지원 정책에 대한 효과 분석 등을 실시하였다. 본 연구는 급여 형태별 지출과 효과 분석을 실시하여 향후 사회보장제도의 종합적 설계에 기초정보를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

This study examines the composition of social security programs in terms cash and in-kind benefits and analyzes the effects of the two type of benefits. Through such analyses, this study aims to provide the basic information necessary for a comprehensive design of social security system focusing benefit types.

To analyze the composition of the composition of social security policy in terms of cash and in-kind benefits, we look at public social spending using OECD SOCX and public social spending on education. Korea is generally thought to have spent more on in-kind benefits than on cash transfers, but this is a kind of illusion caused by a high proportion of expenditure for medical service among low total public social expenditures. The international comparison shows that the difference between in-kind benefits is smaller than are difference between cash benefits across the countries.

Our examination of changes in cash and in-kind benefit programs in selected welfare states find that these countries have experienced a transition from public assistance-type cash support to a universal in-kind support (housing, education, child care, etc.). After a certain point, the difference among the policies selected by various countries becomes apparent. The selection of cash or in-kind income varied based on the social values, the differences of composition of cash and in-kind programs also led to difference in outcomes. With a focus on family policy (child welfare), which is the subject of the most intense value arguments, the mix with cash and in-kind benefits correspond to policy stances based on social values of the countries and that these resulted in differences in outcomes such as child poverty, birth rate, and employment of women.

An assessment of the effects of cash and in-kind support suggests that low life satisfaction was meaningfully correlated with high household burden in areas related to basic needs low housing quality. The adjusted disposable income poverty rates after housing, medical, and educational costs are worse than disposable income in Korea and the gaps are bigger than it in other welfare state.

Our projection showed that increased cash support would result poverty rate by 0.77%p, while increased in-kind support led to a 0.96%p-decrease in the poverty rate. Based on current government’s plan, the alleviation of poverty and inequality through in-kind support (housing, medical care, child/senior care, etc.) is estimated to be higher than the effect of cash support. Based on comparative analysis of social expenditure of the welfare states they show high level of life expectation, Korea must reinforce more in-kind support for seniors, both cash and in-kind support for people with disabilities, and cash support for families.
Translated title of the contributionThe composition and effects of cash and in-kind programs
Original languageKorean
PublisherKorea Institute for Health and Social Affairs
ISBN (Print)9788968275340
Publication statusPublished - Aug 2018

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'The composition and effects of cash and in-kind programs'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this