A Moderated Serial Mediation Model of Hybrid Entrepreneur's Performance in Entrepreneurial Work

This paper investigated the influence of hybrid entrepreneurs' regulatory focus on their proficient, adaptive, and proactive performance in entrepreneurial work. Based on a sample of 272 hybrid entrepreneurs in Ghana, we found that promotion focus and prevention focus had positive and negative relationships with these three types of performance, respectively. We also found that the opposite effects of promotion focus and prevention focus on these three types of performance were serially mediated by fulltime entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial engagement. Furthermore, we found that wage work to entrepreneurial work enrichment (WE enrichment) and entrepreneurial work to wage work enrichment (EW enrichment) played a moderating role. Specifically, EW enrichment weakened the positive relationship between promotion focus and fulltime entrepreneurial intention in entrepreneurial work as well as the positive indirect effects of promotion focus on performance. In contrast, WE enrichment weakened the negative relationship between prevention focus and fulltime entrepreneurial intention in entrepreneurial work as well as the negative indirect effects of prevention focus on performance. Keywords: Hybrid entrepreneurship, regulatory focus, fulltime entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial engagement, cross-role enrichment.