Can becoming a leader change your personality? An investigation with two longitudinal studies from a role-based perspective

Wen-Dong LI, Shuping LI, Jie (Jasmine) FENG, Mo WANG, Hong ZHANG, Michael FRESE, Chia-Huei WU

Research output: Journal PublicationsJournal Article (refereed)peer-review

55 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Organizational research has predominantly adopted the classic dispositional perspective to understand the importance of personality traits in shaping work outcomes. However, the burgeoning literature in personality psychology has documented that personality traits, although relatively stable, are able to develop throughout one’s whole adulthood. A crucial force driving adult personality development is transition into novel work roles. In this article, we introduce a dynamic, role-based perspective on the adaptive nature of personality during the transition from the role of employee to that of leader (i.e., leadership emergence). We argue that during such role transitions, individuals will experience increases in job role demands, a crucial manifestation of role expectations, which in turn may foster growth in conscientiousness and emotional stability. We tested these hypotheses in two 3-wave longitudinal studies using a quasi-experimental design. We compared the personality development of 2 groups of individuals (1 group promoted from employees into leadership roles and the other remaining as employees over time), matched via the propensity score matching approach. The convergent results of latent growth curve modeling from the 2 studies support our hypotheses regarding the relationship between becoming a leader and subsequent small, but substantial increases in conscientiousness over time and the mediating role of job role demands. The relationship between becoming a leader and change of emotional stability was not significant. This research showcases the prominence of examining and cultivating personality development for organizational research and practice.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)882-901
Number of pages20
JournalJournal of Applied Psychology
Volume106
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2021
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Psychological Association

Keywords

  • job role demands
  • leadership
  • personality change/development
  • role transition

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