Characteristics of windshield cracking upon low-speed impact: Numerical simulation based on the extended finite element method

Jun XU; Yibing LI; Xi CHEN; Yuan YAN; Dongyun GE; Mengyi ZHU; Bohan LIU

doi:10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.02.026

Characteristics of windshield cracking upon low-speed impact: Numerical simulation based on the extended finite element method

Jun XU, Yibing LI, Xi CHEN^*, Yuan YAN, Dongyun GE, Mengyi ZHU, Bohan LIU

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications › Journal Article (refereed) › peer-review

93 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Windshield glass crack characteristics are of great interest to vehicle manufacturers, safety engineers, and accident investigators, because they contain important information on energy mitigation, pedestrian protection, and accident reconstruction. We use the extended finite element method (XFEM) to analyze the model problem of low-speed head impact on a windshield plate. Both the radial crack and circumferential crack propagations are characterized. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of impact speed, head mass, initial material flaw, material fracture criterion, etc., and correlate them with the crack direction and length. It is found that the critical accident information, such as the impact speed or damage stress, can be deduced from the crack pattern characteristics. A qualitative bridge can be established between numerical simulation result and real-world accident via the crack growth mechanism. Our study shows that XFEM is a useful tool for simulating several types of cracks that appear during quasi-static indentation or low-speed impact of foreign objects on windshield materials. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	582-588
Number of pages	6
Journal	Computational Materials Science
Volume	48
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.02.026
Publication status	Published - 2010
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

This work is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under the Grant No. 10972122, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety & Energy, Tsinghua University under Grant No. ZZ0800062 and Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No. 20090002110082. Y. Li and X. Chen appreciate the founding from Tsinghua University under the International Cooperation Project. J. Xu also appreciates China Scholarship Council (CSC) to financially sponsor his study at Columbia University through joint Ph.D. program. X. Chen is supported by the National Science Foundation (CMMI-0643726), NSFC (50928601), Chang Jiang Scholar Program of Ministry of Education of China, and a World Class University (WCU) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea (R32-2008-000-20042-0).

Keywords

Crack propagation
Extended finite element method
Glass
Low-speed impact
Windshield

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10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.02.026

Cite this

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title = "Characteristics of windshield cracking upon low-speed impact: Numerical simulation based on the extended finite element method",

abstract = "Windshield glass crack characteristics are of great interest to vehicle manufacturers, safety engineers, and accident investigators, because they contain important information on energy mitigation, pedestrian protection, and accident reconstruction. We use the extended finite element method (XFEM) to analyze the model problem of low-speed head impact on a windshield plate. Both the radial crack and circumferential crack propagations are characterized. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of impact speed, head mass, initial material flaw, material fracture criterion, etc., and correlate them with the crack direction and length. It is found that the critical accident information, such as the impact speed or damage stress, can be deduced from the crack pattern characteristics. A qualitative bridge can be established between numerical simulation result and real-world accident via the crack growth mechanism. Our study shows that XFEM is a useful tool for simulating several types of cracks that appear during quasi-static indentation or low-speed impact of foreign objects on windshield materials. {\textcopyright} 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",

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author = "Jun XU and Yibing LI and Xi CHEN and Yuan YAN and Dongyun GE and Mengyi ZHU and Bohan LIU",

note = "This work is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under the Grant No. 10972122, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety & Energy, Tsinghua University under Grant No. ZZ0800062 and Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No. 20090002110082. Y. Li and X. Chen appreciate the founding from Tsinghua University under the International Cooperation Project. J. Xu also appreciates China Scholarship Council (CSC) to financially sponsor his study at Columbia University through joint Ph.D. program. X. Chen is supported by the National Science Foundation (CMMI-0643726), NSFC (50928601), Chang Jiang Scholar Program of Ministry of Education of China, and a World Class University (WCU) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea (R32-2008-000-20042-0).",

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AU - XU, Jun

AU - LI, Yibing

AU - CHEN, Xi

AU - YAN, Yuan

AU - GE, Dongyun

AU - ZHU, Mengyi

AU - LIU, Bohan

N1 - This work is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under the Grant No. 10972122, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety & Energy, Tsinghua University under Grant No. ZZ0800062 and Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No. 20090002110082. Y. Li and X. Chen appreciate the founding from Tsinghua University under the International Cooperation Project. J. Xu also appreciates China Scholarship Council (CSC) to financially sponsor his study at Columbia University through joint Ph.D. program. X. Chen is supported by the National Science Foundation (CMMI-0643726), NSFC (50928601), Chang Jiang Scholar Program of Ministry of Education of China, and a World Class University (WCU) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea (R32-2008-000-20042-0).

PY - 2010

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N2 - Windshield glass crack characteristics are of great interest to vehicle manufacturers, safety engineers, and accident investigators, because they contain important information on energy mitigation, pedestrian protection, and accident reconstruction. We use the extended finite element method (XFEM) to analyze the model problem of low-speed head impact on a windshield plate. Both the radial crack and circumferential crack propagations are characterized. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of impact speed, head mass, initial material flaw, material fracture criterion, etc., and correlate them with the crack direction and length. It is found that the critical accident information, such as the impact speed or damage stress, can be deduced from the crack pattern characteristics. A qualitative bridge can be established between numerical simulation result and real-world accident via the crack growth mechanism. Our study shows that XFEM is a useful tool for simulating several types of cracks that appear during quasi-static indentation or low-speed impact of foreign objects on windshield materials. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

AB - Windshield glass crack characteristics are of great interest to vehicle manufacturers, safety engineers, and accident investigators, because they contain important information on energy mitigation, pedestrian protection, and accident reconstruction. We use the extended finite element method (XFEM) to analyze the model problem of low-speed head impact on a windshield plate. Both the radial crack and circumferential crack propagations are characterized. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of impact speed, head mass, initial material flaw, material fracture criterion, etc., and correlate them with the crack direction and length. It is found that the critical accident information, such as the impact speed or damage stress, can be deduced from the crack pattern characteristics. A qualitative bridge can be established between numerical simulation result and real-world accident via the crack growth mechanism. Our study shows that XFEM is a useful tool for simulating several types of cracks that appear during quasi-static indentation or low-speed impact of foreign objects on windshield materials. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

KW - Crack propagation

KW - Extended finite element method

KW - Glass

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KW - Windshield

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DO - 10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.02.026

M3 - Journal Article (refereed)

SN - 0927-0256

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JO - Computational Materials Science

JF - Computational Materials Science

IS - 3

ER -

Characteristics of windshield cracking upon low-speed impact: Numerical simulation based on the extended finite element method

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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