挑战全球化 : COVID-19大流行和教育国际化

写作本文时，世界正面临 COVID-19大流行之后前所未有的全球健康危机。早在全球健康危机爆发之前，人们就开始批评全球化所带来的负面影响，在高等教育领域质疑国际教育的价值。在过去几年中，反全球化和“民族主义”的复兴在全球不同地区出现，全球正义、替代全球化、反全球化表达以及反公司批评或者对新自由主义全球化的广泛批评等各种形式的反全球化运动已经出现。有着多种定义的“全 球化”无疑在经济、社会、政治及文化等多重维度影响了国家的发展，COVID-19 的流行进一步强化了复兴中的民族主义，本文从更广泛的政治经济背景出发，探讨关于全球化与反全球化的争论。有鉴于目前对国际高等教育价值的反思，本文讨论了亚洲的特定国家如何通过调整其政策和战略促进高等教育的国际化，从而在民族主义复兴和反全球化日渐高涨的浪潮中做出认真的尝试。

When this paper was written, the world was confronting the unprecedented global health crisis after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Well before the present health crisis, people have begun to criticize the negative impact of globalization. In the field of international higher education, people began to question the value of international education. Anti-globalism and the resurgence of "nationalism" has emerged across different parts of the globe in the last few years. Various forms of anti-globalization movements include global justice, alter-globalization, anti-globalist expressions, as well as anti-corporate critiques, or broader critiques of neoliberal globalization have emerged. With its many definitions, "globalization" has undoubtedly affected national developments across the economic, social, political and cultural dimensions. The current COVID-19 further reinforces the rise of nationalism, which has been vividly revealed by the presidential election in the USA. This article sets our against the broader context of political economy to examine the debates on globalization and anti-globalization. With particular references to reflecting upon the value of international higher education, this article discusses how selected countries in Asia have made serious attempts to address the rise of nationalism and the growing tide of anti-globalization by revisiting their policies/strategies in promoting internationalization of higher education.