Exploring the bonding mechanism in cold spray deposition of engineered graphene nanoplates-Ni nanocomposite powder

Pengfei WU; Arash KARDANI; Mabao LIU; Zedong LIN; Sara BAGHERIFARD

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108741

Exploring the bonding mechanism in cold spray deposition of engineered graphene nanoplates-Ni nanocomposite powder

Pengfei WU
, Arash KARDANI
, Mabao LIU^*
, Zedong LIN
, Sara BAGHERIFARD

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications › Journal Article (refereed) › peer-review

20 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate deposition behavior of composite graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-Ni particles at various velocities and with different graphene contents. The results indicated that GNPs impede plastic deformation of the metallic particle and stress transfer to it, simultaneously limiting metallurgical bonding at the interface with the substrate. The particle/substrate bonding mechanism was a combination of metallurgical bonding and van der Waals forces physisorption, with the metallurgical bonding playing the primary role in adhesion strength. Increasing the impact velocity and decreasing the GNP content, both resulted in a larger area of metallurgical bonding, thereby enhancing the bonding strength. The particle/particle adhesion involves lateral and interlayer connections among GNPs, activating additional mechanical interlocking between the adjacent particles. Subsequent impact of the upcoming particles tamped the previously deposited one, leading to densification effect. These results deepen our comprehension of how graphene nanoplate-metal composites form.

Original language	English
Article number	108741
Journal	Composites - Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
Volume	191
Early online date	27 Jan 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108741
Publication status	Published - Apr 2025
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

The authors would like to acknowledge Hefei advanced computing center. This work was supported by China Scholarship Council, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 12302266), Open Fund of State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures (grant number SV2023ZT11), the Key R&D Plan of Shaanxi (grant number 2018ZDCXL-GY-03-01) and the Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (grant number 2019-JCJQ-ZD-051-00). SB and AK acknowledge ArcHIDep funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under grant agreement n. 101044228. SB acknowledges ThermoDust funding from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101046835.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s)

Keywords

2D metal matrix composites
Cold spray process
Graphene nanoplates
Molecular dynamics

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title = "Exploring the bonding mechanism in cold spray deposition of engineered graphene nanoplates-Ni nanocomposite powder",

abstract = "In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate deposition behavior of composite graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-Ni particles at various velocities and with different graphene contents. The results indicated that GNPs impede plastic deformation of the metallic particle and stress transfer to it, simultaneously limiting metallurgical bonding at the interface with the substrate. The particle/substrate bonding mechanism was a combination of metallurgical bonding and van der Waals forces physisorption, with the metallurgical bonding playing the primary role in adhesion strength. Increasing the impact velocity and decreasing the GNP content, both resulted in a larger area of metallurgical bonding, thereby enhancing the bonding strength. The particle/particle adhesion involves lateral and interlayer connections among GNPs, activating additional mechanical interlocking between the adjacent particles. Subsequent impact of the upcoming particles tamped the previously deposited one, leading to densification effect. These results deepen our comprehension of how graphene nanoplate-metal composites form.",

keywords = "2D metal matrix composites, Cold spray process, Graphene nanoplates, Molecular dynamics",

author = "Pengfei WU and Arash KARDANI and Mabao LIU and Zedong LIN and Sara BAGHERIFARD",

note = "The authors would like to acknowledge Hefei advanced computing center. This work was supported by China Scholarship Council, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 12302266), Open Fund of State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures (grant number SV2023ZT11), the Key R\&D Plan of Shaanxi (grant number 2018ZDCXL-GY-03-01) and the Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (grant number 2019-JCJQ-ZD-051-00). SB and AK acknowledge ArcHIDep funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under grant agreement n. 101044228. SB acknowledges ThermoDust funding from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon Europe research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101046835. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s)",

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doi = "10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108741",

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AU - WU, Pengfei

AU - KARDANI, Arash

AU - LIU, Mabao

AU - LIN, Zedong

AU - BAGHERIFARD, Sara

N1 - The authors would like to acknowledge Hefei advanced computing center. This work was supported by China Scholarship Council, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 12302266), Open Fund of State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures (grant number SV2023ZT11), the Key R&D Plan of Shaanxi (grant number 2018ZDCXL-GY-03-01) and the Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (grant number 2019-JCJQ-ZD-051-00). SB and AK acknowledge ArcHIDep funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under grant agreement n. 101044228. SB acknowledges ThermoDust funding from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101046835. Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s)

PY - 2025/4

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N2 - In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate deposition behavior of composite graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-Ni particles at various velocities and with different graphene contents. The results indicated that GNPs impede plastic deformation of the metallic particle and stress transfer to it, simultaneously limiting metallurgical bonding at the interface with the substrate. The particle/substrate bonding mechanism was a combination of metallurgical bonding and van der Waals forces physisorption, with the metallurgical bonding playing the primary role in adhesion strength. Increasing the impact velocity and decreasing the GNP content, both resulted in a larger area of metallurgical bonding, thereby enhancing the bonding strength. The particle/particle adhesion involves lateral and interlayer connections among GNPs, activating additional mechanical interlocking between the adjacent particles. Subsequent impact of the upcoming particles tamped the previously deposited one, leading to densification effect. These results deepen our comprehension of how graphene nanoplate-metal composites form.

AB - In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate deposition behavior of composite graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-Ni particles at various velocities and with different graphene contents. The results indicated that GNPs impede plastic deformation of the metallic particle and stress transfer to it, simultaneously limiting metallurgical bonding at the interface with the substrate. The particle/substrate bonding mechanism was a combination of metallurgical bonding and van der Waals forces physisorption, with the metallurgical bonding playing the primary role in adhesion strength. Increasing the impact velocity and decreasing the GNP content, both resulted in a larger area of metallurgical bonding, thereby enhancing the bonding strength. The particle/particle adhesion involves lateral and interlayer connections among GNPs, activating additional mechanical interlocking between the adjacent particles. Subsequent impact of the upcoming particles tamped the previously deposited one, leading to densification effect. These results deepen our comprehension of how graphene nanoplate-metal composites form.

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KW - Cold spray process

KW - Graphene nanoplates

KW - Molecular dynamics

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DO - 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108741

M3 - Journal Article (refereed)

AN - SCOPUS:85216081835

SN - 1359-835X

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JO - Composites - Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

JF - Composites - Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

M1 - 108741

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Exploring the bonding mechanism in cold spray deposition of engineered graphene nanoplates-Ni nanocomposite powder

Abstract

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Keywords

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