Exploring the Role of AI in Advancing Educational Equity in Cross-Border Education

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is driving significant transformations in education, particularly in cross-border contexts. However, practical issues such as unequal resource distribution, disparities in technological adoption, and cultural and policy misalignments persist, particularly in regions like the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). These challenges hinder progress toward equitable resource sharing and inclusive educational development. Grounded in Fraser's three-dimensional social justice framework—redistribution, recognition, and representation—this study investigates how AI technologies can alleviate these barriers by enhancing resource accessibility, fostering cultural inclusivity, and promoting stakeholder participation in educational decision-making. Using a theoretical model validated through structural equation modeling (SEM) and empirical data from 222 respondents in GBA cross-border universities, the study demonstrates AI's potential to improve access, quality, and participation, ultimately advancing educational equity. This research provides actionable insights and a robust foundation for future policy design and technological innovation in global education systems.