Factors influencing older persons' residential satisfaction in big and densely populated cities in Asia : a case study in Hong Kong

Many different "domains" of older persons' living environments potentially influence their residential satisfaction and thereby their well-being. Factors that might impact on older persons' residential satisfaction were explored in a busy Asian city, Hong Kong, in terms of a number of "domains" with elements: the Structural domain (interior and exterior dwelling characteristics, security concerns), the informal domain (informal social support including family, friends, and neighbours) and the formal domain (social services and community facilities) around or near the neighbourhood. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a random sample 518 Hong Kong residents aged 60 and over, who lived in various housing arrangements including private/public and new/old housing establishments. Hierarchical regression analysis models revealed that the structural do-main had the strongest tie with residential satisfaction. Formal and informal types of support for older persons' needs were generally unrelated to residential satisfaction. Further investigations showed that all three elements of the structural domain contributed unique variance to residential satisfaction. Satisfaction with community facilities, an element of the formal domain, was related to residential satisfaction even when variations from other domains were accounted for. When all the three domains were simultaneously analysed for their contributions to residential satisfaction, all of the elements of the structural domain and the community facilities element of the formal domain contributed to unique variance. The implications of the findings for policy makers in designing home settings for older persons in Hong Kong and some other Asian cities are discussed.