Improving democratic governance in East Asia

This article addresses institutionalized instabilities and declining democratic legitimacy in East Asia. It argues that a wide range of reforms could improve democratic governance in the region. Specifically, the article analyses the importance of constitutional design and the need to promote 'good' democracy. It suggests that East Asian democracies should strive for constitutional systems that avoid gridlocks and promote effective governance. Although adopting the parliamentary system represents the optimal strategy, reforming second-tier political institutions can also improve performances of presidential regimes in these countries. Moreover, these democracies need to develop the institutions and processes that encourage greater rule of law, system responsiveness, meaningful citizen participation, and socioeconomic equality. If taken, these reforms could provide East Asian democracies with enhanced stability, efficacy and legitimacy.