Individual-, household-, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry cross-sectional study

Betregiorgis ZEGEYE; Nicholas Kofi ADJEI; Bright Opoku AHINKORAH; Edward Kwabena AMEYAW; Eugene BUDU; Abdul Aziz SEIDU; Sanni YAYA

doi:10.1002/hsr2.430

Individual-, household-, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry cross-sectional study

Betregiorgis ZEGEYE, Nicholas Kofi ADJEI, Bright Opoku AHINKORAH, Edward Kwabena AMEYAW, Eugene BUDU, Abdul Aziz SEIDU, Sanni YAYA^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications › Journal Article (refereed) › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background and Aims

Discriminatory attitude towards people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major problem in the prevention and treatment of HIV in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). Understanding the multiple factors linked to discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in SSA is necessary for developing appropriate interventions. This study aimed at investigating the individual, household, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS.

Methods

We used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 12 sub-Saharan African countries conducted between 2015 and 2019. Data on 17 065 pregnant married women were analyzed. Bivariate (chi-squared test) and multivariable multilevel logistic regression analyses were applied to investigate the factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. The results were reported as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

The mean age of participants was 31.2 ± 8.5. The prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA was 36.2% (95% CI: 33.4%-39.1%). Individual/household-level factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA were women's educational level (secondary school-aOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26-0.93), husband's educational level (higher education-aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16-0.76), decision-making power (yes-aOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.38-0.69), wife-beating attitude (disagreement with wife beating-aOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43-0.79), and religion (Muslim-aOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.22-3.04). Community socioeconomic status (medium-aOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.93) was the only community-level factor associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA.

Conclusion

More than one-third of pregnant married women in SSA had discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. Women's educational level, husband's educational level, decision-making power, wife-beating attitude, religion, and community socio-economic status were associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. To lessen the prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA, considering these significant factors is needed. Therefore, governments and other stakeholders in the respective countries need to increase education coverage. Moreover, empowering women through education and economy is crucial. Finally, working with religious leaders to increase awareness about HIV and discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA should also be a priority in SSA.

Original language	English
Article number	e430
Number of pages	12
Journal	Health Science Reports
Volume	4
Issue number	4
Early online date	27 Oct 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.430
Publication status	Published - Dec 2021
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

The authors thank the MEASURE DHS project for their support and for free access to the original data.

Funding

No funding was received for this study. The authors thank the MEASURE DHS project for their support and for free access to the original data.

Keywords

DHS
discrimination
factors
global health
HIV/AIDS
sub-Saharan Africa

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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ZEGEYE, B., ADJEI, N. K., AHINKORAH, B. O., AMEYAW, E. K., BUDU, E., SEIDU, A. A., & YAYA, S. (2021). Individual-, household-, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry cross-sectional study. Health Science Reports, 4(4), Article e430. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.430

@article{f081010fa6a94d2282d22e404eb19b3d,

title = "Individual-, household-, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry cross-sectional study",

abstract = "Background and AimsDiscriminatory attitude towards people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major problem in the prevention and treatment of HIV in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). Understanding the multiple factors linked to discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in SSA is necessary for developing appropriate interventions. This study aimed at investigating the individual, household, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS.MethodsWe used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 12 sub-Saharan African countries conducted between 2015 and 2019. Data on 17 065 pregnant married women were analyzed. Bivariate (chi-squared test) and multivariable multilevel logistic regression analyses were applied to investigate the factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. The results were reported as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe mean age of participants was 31.2 ± 8.5. The prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA was 36.2% (95% CI: 33.4%-39.1%). Individual/household-level factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA were women's educational level (secondary school-aOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26-0.93), husband's educational level (higher education-aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16-0.76), decision-making power (yes-aOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.38-0.69), wife-beating attitude (disagreement with wife beating-aOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43-0.79), and religion (Muslim-aOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.22-3.04). Community socioeconomic status (medium-aOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.93) was the only community-level factor associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA.Conclusion More than one-third of pregnant married women in SSA had discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. Women's educational level, husband's educational level, decision-making power, wife-beating attitude, religion, and community socio-economic status were associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. To lessen the prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA, considering these significant factors is needed. Therefore, governments and other stakeholders in the respective countries need to increase education coverage. Moreover, empowering women through education and economy is crucial. Finally, working with religious leaders to increase awareness about HIV and discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA should also be a priority in SSA.",

keywords = "DHS, discrimination, factors, global health, HIV/AIDS, sub-Saharan Africa",

author = "Betregiorgis ZEGEYE and ADJEI, {Nicholas Kofi} and AHINKORAH, {Bright Opoku} and AMEYAW, {Edward Kwabena} and Eugene BUDU and SEIDU, {Abdul Aziz} and Sanni YAYA",

note = "The authors thank the MEASURE DHS project for their support and for free access to the original data.",

year = "2021",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1002/hsr2.430",

language = "English",

volume = "4",

journal = "Health Science Reports",

issn = "2398-8835",

publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",

number = "4",

}

ZEGEYE, B, ADJEI, NK, AHINKORAH, BO, AMEYAW, EK, BUDU, E, SEIDU, AA & YAYA, S 2021, 'Individual-, household-, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry cross-sectional study', Health Science Reports, vol. 4, no. 4, e430. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.430

Individual-, household-, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry cross-sectional study. / ZEGEYE, Betregiorgis; ADJEI, Nicholas Kofi; AHINKORAH, Bright Opoku et al.
In: Health Science Reports, Vol. 4, No. 4, e430, 12.2021.

Research output: Journal Publications › Journal Article (refereed) › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Individual-, household-, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry cross-sectional study

AU - ZEGEYE, Betregiorgis

AU - ADJEI, Nicholas Kofi

AU - AHINKORAH, Bright Opoku

AU - AMEYAW, Edward Kwabena

AU - BUDU, Eugene

AU - SEIDU, Abdul Aziz

AU - YAYA, Sanni

N1 - The authors thank the MEASURE DHS project for their support and for free access to the original data.

PY - 2021/12

Y1 - 2021/12

N2 - Background and AimsDiscriminatory attitude towards people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major problem in the prevention and treatment of HIV in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). Understanding the multiple factors linked to discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in SSA is necessary for developing appropriate interventions. This study aimed at investigating the individual, household, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS.MethodsWe used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 12 sub-Saharan African countries conducted between 2015 and 2019. Data on 17 065 pregnant married women were analyzed. Bivariate (chi-squared test) and multivariable multilevel logistic regression analyses were applied to investigate the factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. The results were reported as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe mean age of participants was 31.2 ± 8.5. The prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA was 36.2% (95% CI: 33.4%-39.1%). Individual/household-level factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA were women's educational level (secondary school-aOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26-0.93), husband's educational level (higher education-aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16-0.76), decision-making power (yes-aOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.38-0.69), wife-beating attitude (disagreement with wife beating-aOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43-0.79), and religion (Muslim-aOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.22-3.04). Community socioeconomic status (medium-aOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.93) was the only community-level factor associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA.Conclusion More than one-third of pregnant married women in SSA had discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. Women's educational level, husband's educational level, decision-making power, wife-beating attitude, religion, and community socio-economic status were associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. To lessen the prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA, considering these significant factors is needed. Therefore, governments and other stakeholders in the respective countries need to increase education coverage. Moreover, empowering women through education and economy is crucial. Finally, working with religious leaders to increase awareness about HIV and discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA should also be a priority in SSA.

AB - Background and AimsDiscriminatory attitude towards people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major problem in the prevention and treatment of HIV in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). Understanding the multiple factors linked to discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in SSA is necessary for developing appropriate interventions. This study aimed at investigating the individual, household, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS.MethodsWe used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 12 sub-Saharan African countries conducted between 2015 and 2019. Data on 17 065 pregnant married women were analyzed. Bivariate (chi-squared test) and multivariable multilevel logistic regression analyses were applied to investigate the factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. The results were reported as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe mean age of participants was 31.2 ± 8.5. The prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA was 36.2% (95% CI: 33.4%-39.1%). Individual/household-level factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA were women's educational level (secondary school-aOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26-0.93), husband's educational level (higher education-aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16-0.76), decision-making power (yes-aOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.38-0.69), wife-beating attitude (disagreement with wife beating-aOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43-0.79), and religion (Muslim-aOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.22-3.04). Community socioeconomic status (medium-aOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.93) was the only community-level factor associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA.Conclusion More than one-third of pregnant married women in SSA had discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. Women's educational level, husband's educational level, decision-making power, wife-beating attitude, religion, and community socio-economic status were associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. To lessen the prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA, considering these significant factors is needed. Therefore, governments and other stakeholders in the respective countries need to increase education coverage. Moreover, empowering women through education and economy is crucial. Finally, working with religious leaders to increase awareness about HIV and discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA should also be a priority in SSA.

KW - DHS

KW - discrimination

KW - factors

KW - global health

KW - HIV/AIDS

KW - sub-Saharan Africa

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121859328&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1002/hsr2.430

DO - 10.1002/hsr2.430

M3 - Journal Article (refereed)

C2 - 34746443

AN - SCOPUS:85121859328

SN - 2398-8835

VL - 4

JO - Health Science Reports

JF - Health Science Reports

IS - 4

M1 - e430

ER -

Individual-, household-, and community-level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A multicountry cross-sectional study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this