Integrated Sensing and Communications: Recent Advances and Ten Open Challenges

Shihang LU; Fan LIU; Yunxin LI; Kecheng ZHANG; Hongjia HUANG; Jiaqi ZOU; Xinyu LI; Yuxiang DONG; Fuwang DONG; Jia ZHU; Yifeng XIONG; Weijie YUAN; Yuanhao CUI; Lajos HANZO

doi:10.1109/JIOT.2024.3361173

Integrated Sensing and Communications: Recent Advances and Ten Open Challenges

Shihang LU, Fan LIU^*, Yunxin LI, Kecheng ZHANG, Hongjia HUANG, Jiaqi ZOU, Xinyu LI, Yuxiang DONG, Fuwang DONG, Jia ZHU, Yifeng XIONG, Weijie YUAN, Yuanhao CUI^*, Lajos HANZO

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications › Journal Article (refereed) › peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

It is anticipated that integrated sensing and communications (ISACs) would be one of the key enablers of next-generation wireless networks (such as beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G) for supporting a variety of emerging applications. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent advances in ISAC systems, with a particular focus on their foundations, physical-layer system design, networking aspects, and ISAC applications. Furthermore, we discuss the corresponding open questions of the above that emerged in each issue. Hence, we commence with the information theory of sensing and communications (S&C), followed by the information-Theoretic limits of ISAC systems by shedding light on the fundamental performance metrics. Next, we discuss their clock synchronization and phase offset problems, the associated Pareto-optimal signaling strategies, as well as the associated super-resolution physical-layer ISAC system design. Moreover, we envision that ISAC ushers in a paradigm shift for the future cellular networks relying on network sensing, transforming the classic cellular architecture, cross-layer resource management methods, and transmission protocols. In ISAC applications, we further highlight the security and privacy issues of wireless sensing. Finally, we close by studying the recent advances in a representative ISAC use case, namely, the multiobject-multitask (MOMT) recognition problem using wireless signals.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	19094-19120
Number of pages	27
Journal	IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Volume	11
Issue number	11
Early online date	1 Feb 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2024.3361173
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2024
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62101234, Grant 6504009769, Grant 62301060, and Grant 62101232. The work of Shihang Lu was supported by the Special Funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students’ Scientific and Technological Innovation “Climbing Program” under Grant pdjh2024c11603. The work of Fan Liu was supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under Grant RCBS20210609103227018 and Grant 20220815100308002. The work of Xinyu Li was supported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2242023K5002; in part by the Postdoctoral Innovation Talents Support Program under Grant BX20230066; and in part by the Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Fund under Grant 2023ZB318. The work of Weijie Yuan was supported in part by the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant 2022A1515011257; in part by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under Grant JCYJ20220530114412029; and in part by the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision under Grant ZDSYS20220330160557001. The work of Lajos Hanzo was supported in part by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Projects under Grant EP/W016605/1, Grant EP/X01228X/1, and Grant EP/Y026721/1; and in part by the European Research Council’s Advanced Fellow Grant QuantCom under Grant 789028.

Keywords

6G
integrated sensing and communications (ISACs)
Internet of Things (IoT)
network and application
performance limitations
system design

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10.1109/JIOT.2024.3361173

Cite this

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title = "Integrated Sensing and Communications: Recent Advances and Ten Open Challenges",

abstract = "It is anticipated that integrated sensing and communications (ISACs) would be one of the key enablers of next-generation wireless networks (such as beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G) for supporting a variety of emerging applications. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent advances in ISAC systems, with a particular focus on their foundations, physical-layer system design, networking aspects, and ISAC applications. Furthermore, we discuss the corresponding open questions of the above that emerged in each issue. Hence, we commence with the information theory of sensing and communications (S&C), followed by the information-Theoretic limits of ISAC systems by shedding light on the fundamental performance metrics. Next, we discuss their clock synchronization and phase offset problems, the associated Pareto-optimal signaling strategies, as well as the associated super-resolution physical-layer ISAC system design. Moreover, we envision that ISAC ushers in a paradigm shift for the future cellular networks relying on network sensing, transforming the classic cellular architecture, cross-layer resource management methods, and transmission protocols. In ISAC applications, we further highlight the security and privacy issues of wireless sensing. Finally, we close by studying the recent advances in a representative ISAC use case, namely, the multiobject-multitask (MOMT) recognition problem using wireless signals.",

keywords = "6G, integrated sensing and communications (ISACs), Internet of Things (IoT), network and application, performance limitations, system design",

author = "Shihang LU and Fan LIU and Yunxin LI and Kecheng ZHANG and Hongjia HUANG and Jiaqi ZOU and Xinyu LI and Yuxiang DONG and Fuwang DONG and Jia ZHU and Yifeng XIONG and Weijie YUAN and Yuanhao CUI and Lajos HANZO",

note = "This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62101234, Grant 6504009769, Grant 62301060, and Grant 62101232. The work of Shihang Lu was supported by the Special Funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students{\textquoteright} Scientific and Technological Innovation “Climbing Program” under Grant pdjh2024c11603. The work of Fan Liu was supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under Grant RCBS20210609103227018 and Grant 20220815100308002. The work of Xinyu Li was supported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2242023K5002; in part by the Postdoctoral Innovation Talents Support Program under Grant BX20230066; and in part by the Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Fund under Grant 2023ZB318. The work of Weijie Yuan was supported in part by the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant 2022A1515011257; in part by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program under Grant JCYJ20220530114412029; and in part by the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision under Grant ZDSYS20220330160557001. The work of Lajos Hanzo was supported in part by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Projects under Grant EP/W016605/1, Grant EP/X01228X/1, and Grant EP/Y026721/1; and in part by the European Research Council{\textquoteright}s Advanced Fellow Grant QuantCom under Grant 789028.",

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AU - ZOU, Jiaqi

AU - LI, Xinyu

AU - DONG, Yuxiang

AU - DONG, Fuwang

AU - ZHU, Jia

AU - XIONG, Yifeng

AU - YUAN, Weijie

AU - CUI, Yuanhao

AU - HANZO, Lajos

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AB - It is anticipated that integrated sensing and communications (ISACs) would be one of the key enablers of next-generation wireless networks (such as beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G) for supporting a variety of emerging applications. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent advances in ISAC systems, with a particular focus on their foundations, physical-layer system design, networking aspects, and ISAC applications. Furthermore, we discuss the corresponding open questions of the above that emerged in each issue. Hence, we commence with the information theory of sensing and communications (S&C), followed by the information-Theoretic limits of ISAC systems by shedding light on the fundamental performance metrics. Next, we discuss their clock synchronization and phase offset problems, the associated Pareto-optimal signaling strategies, as well as the associated super-resolution physical-layer ISAC system design. Moreover, we envision that ISAC ushers in a paradigm shift for the future cellular networks relying on network sensing, transforming the classic cellular architecture, cross-layer resource management methods, and transmission protocols. In ISAC applications, we further highlight the security and privacy issues of wireless sensing. Finally, we close by studying the recent advances in a representative ISAC use case, namely, the multiobject-multitask (MOMT) recognition problem using wireless signals.

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KW - integrated sensing and communications (ISACs)

KW - Internet of Things (IoT)

KW - network and application

KW - performance limitations

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Integrated Sensing and Communications: Recent Advances and Ten Open Challenges

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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