Reflecting on reviewing : applying conflict management research

Reviewing manuscripts is vital for developing knowledge and promoting the capabilities of researchers. This article uses conflict management research to examine the opportunities and obstacles in making reviewing constructive for the field and for individual researchers. Although dissensus has been thought to reflect how individual biases and organizational dynamics frustrate reviewing, research suggests that when, discussed open-mindedly, conflicts can stimulate effective reviewing. Research on open-mindedness provides guidance for how researchers, editors, and referees can voice their conflicts and integrate their ideas to make high quality decisions and learn. However, current practices make it challenging to manage conflict openly and constructively. Fostering open-minded discussion among researchers, editors, and referees could be an important component in making traditional and new forms of reviewing effective.