Smart Windows: Electro-, Thermo-, Mechano-, Photochromics, and Beyond

Yujie KE; Jingwei CHEN; Gaojian LIN; Shancheng WANG; Yang ZHOU; Jie YIN; Pooi See LEE; Yi LONG

doi:10.1002/aenm.201902066

Smart Windows: Electro-, Thermo-, Mechano-, Photochromics, and Beyond

Yujie KE, Jingwei CHEN, Gaojian LIN, Shancheng WANG, Yang ZHOU, Jie YIN^*, Pooi See LEE^*, Yi LONG^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications › Review article › Other Review

546 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A smart window that dynamically modulates light transmittance is crucial for building energy efficiently, and promising for on-demand optical devices. The rapid development of technology brings out different categories that have fundamentally different transmittance modulation mechanisms, including the electro-, thermo-, mechano-, and photochromic smart windows. In this review, recent progress in smart windows of each category is overviewed. The strategies for each smart window are outlined with particular focus on functional materials, device design, and performance enhancement. The advantages and disadvantages of each category are summarized, followed by a discussion of emerging technologies such as dual stimuli triggered smart window and integrated devices toward multifunctionality. These multifunctional devices combine smart window technology with, for example, solar cells, triboelectric nanogenerators, actuators, energy storage devices, and electrothermal devices. Lastly, a perspective is provided on the future development of smart windows.

Original language	English
Article number	1902066
Journal	Advanced Energy Materials
Volume	9
Issue number	39
Early online date	5 Sept 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201902066
Publication status	Published - 17 Oct 2019
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Y.K., J.C., and G.L. contributed equally to this work. Y.L., P.S.L., and J.Y. proposed the manuscript. Y.K. drafted and Y.L. revised the abstract, 1) Introduction, 3) Thermochromics, and 6) Conclusion and Perspective. J.C. drafted and P.S.L. revised the 2) Electrochromics. G.L. drafted and J.Y. revised the 4) Mechanochromics. S.W. and Y.Z. drafted and Y.L. revised the 5) Photochromics. Y.L., P.S.L., and J.Y. revised the manuscript and the perspectives. Y.L. and P.S.L. thank for the funding support by the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore, under its Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) programme. Y.L. also thanks the Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) Academic Research Fund Tier one RG200/17 and the Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute for the funding support. P.S.L. also thanks the National Research Foundation Investigatorship, Award No. NRF-NRFI2016-05, for the funding support.

Keywords

energy saving
optical modulation
responsive materials
smart windows
solar energy

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1002/aenm.201902066

Cite this

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title = "Smart Windows: Electro-, Thermo-, Mechano-, Photochromics, and Beyond",

abstract = "A smart window that dynamically modulates light transmittance is crucial for building energy efficiently, and promising for on-demand optical devices. The rapid development of technology brings out different categories that have fundamentally different transmittance modulation mechanisms, including the electro-, thermo-, mechano-, and photochromic smart windows. In this review, recent progress in smart windows of each category is overviewed. The strategies for each smart window are outlined with particular focus on functional materials, device design, and performance enhancement. The advantages and disadvantages of each category are summarized, followed by a discussion of emerging technologies such as dual stimuli triggered smart window and integrated devices toward multifunctionality. These multifunctional devices combine smart window technology with, for example, solar cells, triboelectric nanogenerators, actuators, energy storage devices, and electrothermal devices. Lastly, a perspective is provided on the future development of smart windows.",

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AU - ZHOU, Yang

AU - YIN, Jie

AU - LEE, Pooi See

AU - LONG, Yi

N1 - Y.K., J.C., and G.L. contributed equally to this work. Y.L., P.S.L., and J.Y. proposed the manuscript. Y.K. drafted and Y.L. revised the abstract, 1) Introduction, 3) Thermochromics, and 6) Conclusion and Perspective. J.C. drafted and P.S.L. revised the 2) Electrochromics. G.L. drafted and J.Y. revised the 4) Mechanochromics. S.W. and Y.Z. drafted and Y.L. revised the 5) Photochromics. Y.L., P.S.L., and J.Y. revised the manuscript and the perspectives. Y.L. and P.S.L. thank for the funding support by the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore, under its Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) programme. Y.L. also thanks the Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) Academic Research Fund Tier one RG200/17 and the Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute for the funding support. P.S.L. also thanks the National Research Foundation Investigatorship, Award No. NRF-NRFI2016-05, for the funding support.

PY - 2019/10/17

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N2 - A smart window that dynamically modulates light transmittance is crucial for building energy efficiently, and promising for on-demand optical devices. The rapid development of technology brings out different categories that have fundamentally different transmittance modulation mechanisms, including the electro-, thermo-, mechano-, and photochromic smart windows. In this review, recent progress in smart windows of each category is overviewed. The strategies for each smart window are outlined with particular focus on functional materials, device design, and performance enhancement. The advantages and disadvantages of each category are summarized, followed by a discussion of emerging technologies such as dual stimuli triggered smart window and integrated devices toward multifunctionality. These multifunctional devices combine smart window technology with, for example, solar cells, triboelectric nanogenerators, actuators, energy storage devices, and electrothermal devices. Lastly, a perspective is provided on the future development of smart windows.

AB - A smart window that dynamically modulates light transmittance is crucial for building energy efficiently, and promising for on-demand optical devices. The rapid development of technology brings out different categories that have fundamentally different transmittance modulation mechanisms, including the electro-, thermo-, mechano-, and photochromic smart windows. In this review, recent progress in smart windows of each category is overviewed. The strategies for each smart window are outlined with particular focus on functional materials, device design, and performance enhancement. The advantages and disadvantages of each category are summarized, followed by a discussion of emerging technologies such as dual stimuli triggered smart window and integrated devices toward multifunctionality. These multifunctional devices combine smart window technology with, for example, solar cells, triboelectric nanogenerators, actuators, energy storage devices, and electrothermal devices. Lastly, a perspective is provided on the future development of smart windows.

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KW - optical modulation

KW - responsive materials

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KW - solar energy

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JO - Advanced Energy Materials

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Smart Windows: Electro-, Thermo-, Mechano-, Photochromics, and Beyond

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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