Two-stage Energy Management Strategy for Hydrogen Energy Storage System Embedded Microgrids

With ever increased penetration level of renewable generation in microgrids, there is an urgent need to address the associated uncertainty and power fluctuation issues. Hydrogen energy storage system (HESS) has emerged and become a promising solution in serving as energy buffer. To tackle the power balancing problem, converting the surplus electricity from renewable sources to other forms of energy is considered as a cost-effective measure. To this end, this paper proposes a hybrid energy management strategy for hydrogen energy storage system (HESS) embedded microgrids, which consists of day-ahead and intra-day operating stages. In the proposed model, the uncertainties associated with renewable generation, electrical load, and hydrogen demand are explicitly considered. We construct a comprehensive HESS model relying on the basic principles that the surplus electricity can be stored in the form of hydrogen in case of abundant renewable generation, and electricity can be generated through hydrogen fuel cells otherwise. Moreover, to ensure the optimization performance, we propose a flexible weighted-MPC method to solve the receding horizon optimization problem at the intra-day stage. The operational effectiveness of the proposed energy management strategy are verified through extensive case studies.