@article{2ffa71ee981f45b2943a5893d64fb366,
title = "What makes a theory of consciousness unscientific?",
abstract = "Theories of consciousness have a long and controversial history. One well-known proposal — integrated information theory — has recently been labeled as {\textquoteleft}pseudoscience{\textquoteright}, which has caused a heated open debate. Here we discuss the case and argue that the theory is indeed unscientific because its core claims are untestable even in principle.",
author = "IIT-Concerned and Micha{\l} KLINCEWICZ and ARNOLD, \{Derek H.\} and BAXTER, \{Mark G.\} and BEKINSCHTEIN, \{Tristan A.\} and Yoshua BENGIO and BISLEY, \{James W.\} and Jacob BROWNING and Dean BUONOMANO and David CARMEL and Marisa CARRASCO and Peter CARRUTHERS and Olivia CARTER and CHANG, \{Dorita H. F.\} and Ian CHAREST and Tony CHENG and Mouslim CHERKAOUI and Axel CLEEREMANS and COHEN, \{Michael A.\} and CORLETT, \{Philip R.\} and Kalina CHRISTOFF and Sam CUMMING and CUSHING, \{Cody A.\} and GELDER, \{Beatrice de\} and BRIGARD, \{Felipe De\} and DENNETT, \{Daniel C.\} and Nadine DIJKSTRA and Adrien DOERIG and DUX, \{Paul E.\} and FLEMING, \{Stephen M.\} and Keith FRANKISH and FRITH, \{Chris D.\} and Sarah GARFINKEL and GOODALE, \{Melvyn A.\} and Jacqueline GOTTLIEB and HANSON, \{Jake R.\} and HASSIN, \{Ran R.\} and HERZOG, \{Michael H.\} and Cecilia HEYES and Po-Jang HSIEH and Shao-Min HUNG and Robert KENTRIDGE and Tomas KNAPEN and Nikos KONSTANTINOU and Konrad KORDING and KVAMME, \{Timo L.\} and KWOK, \{Sze Chai\} and LANFRANCO, \{Renzo C.\} and Hakwan LAU and Joseph LEDOUX and Camilo LIBEDINSKY and LIEBERMAN, \{Matthew D.\} and Ying-Tung LIN and Ka-Yuet LIU and MACHIZAWA, \{Maro G.\} and Julio MARTINEZ-TRUJILLO and Janet METCALFE and Matthias MICHEL and MILLER, \{Kenneth D.\} and MITRA, \{Partha P.\} and Dean MOBBS and MOK, \{Robert M.\} and Jorge MORALES and Myrto MYLOPOULOS and Brian ODEGAARD and OR, \{Charles C.-F.\} and OWEN, \{Adrian M.\} and David PEREPLYOTCHIK and Franco PESTILLI and PETERS, \{Megan A. K.\} and Ian PHILLIPS and RADEMAKER, \{Rosanne L.\} and Dobromir RAHNEV and Geraint REES and RINGACH, \{Dario L.\} and Adina ROSKIES and Daniela SCHILLER and Michael SCHMITZ and Aaron SCHURGER and SCHWARZKOPF, \{D. Samuel\} and SCOTT, \{Ryan B.\} and SEBASTI{\'A}N, \{Miguel {\'A}ngel\} and SEITZ, \{Aaron R.\} and Joshua SHEPHERD and Juha SILVANTO and SLAGTER, \{Heleen A.\} and SMITH, \{Barry C.\} and SNYDER, \{Joel S.\} and Guillermo SOLOVEY and David SOTO and Hugo SPIERS and Timo STEIN and Vincent TASCHEREAU-DUMOUCHEL and Frank TONG and TSE, \{Peter U.\} and Jonas VIBELL and Sebastian WATZL and Taylor WEBB and Josh WEISBERG and Thalia WHEATLEY and Micha{\l} WIERZCHO{\'N} and WOKKE, \{Martijn E.\} and Karen YAN and Alan LEE",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Springer Nature America, Inc. 2025.",
year = "2025",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1038/s41593-025-01881-x",
language = "English",
volume = "28",
pages = "689--693",
journal = "Nature Neuroscience",
issn = "1097-6256",
publisher = "Nature Research",
number = "4",
}