Youth Health-Risk Behaviors, Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying Victimisation : A Cross-National Comparative Examination of the Generality of Lifestyle-Routine Activities and Social Support Theoretical Approaches Across 43 Countries in Europe and North America

Building on the theoretical and empirical literature that postulates that victimisation is associated with lifestyle-routine activities, this study aims to examine the: (a) Association of youth lifestyles activities with the odds of traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation across countries; (b) Moderating effects of social support on the relationship between youth lifestyles-routine activities and traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation; (c) Mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between youth lifestyles-routine activities and traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation; (d) Mediating effects of academic achievement on the relationship between youth lifestyles-routine activities and traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation; (e) Moderating effects of school connectedness on the relationship between youth lifestyles-routine activities and traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation; and (f) Mediating role of income and gender inequalities in the relationship between youth lifestyle- routine activities and traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation. The study will use the data from Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 2013-14 Survey, and country-level data from World Bank and UNDP. Multilevel logistic regression analyses will be used to test the relationships between variables at individual, school and country levels. The expected outcomes are analysis of: (1) the moderating effects of social support and school connectedness on the relationship between youth lifestyles-routine activities and traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation; (2) mediating role of life satisfaction, income and gender inequalities in the relationship between youth lifestyle-routine activities and traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimisation.